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The Portugal 10 Centavos 1938 KM#573 is a remarkable numismatic specimen that carries a rich history, distinctive design, and unique characteristics. This coin provides a captivating window into Portugal's past, reflecting a period of significant historical and numismatic importance.
During the late 1930s, Portugal was under the authoritarian rule of António de Oliveira Salazar, who served as the Prime Minister from 1932 to 1968. This era was marked by the Estado Novo regime, characterized by a strong central government and a focus on economic stability. It was against this backdrop of political and economic transformation that the 10 Centavos coin was minted.
The obverse of the coin features a stylized Portuguese coat of arms, a symbol of the nation's historical heritage and pride. Above the coat of arms, the inscription "ESTADO NOVO" is prominently displayed. This inscription serves as a clear reference to the Estado Novo regime, emphasizing its presence on the coinage.
Beneath the coat of arms, the coin displays the denomination "10 CENTAVOS" along with the date "1938." The adoption of the centavo denomination reflects Portugal's decimal currency system, aligning it with international standards for currency exchange and commerce.
On the reverse of the coin, a unique and distinctive design takes center stage. The central element of the reverse features an intricate image of a plowman and a team of oxen plowing a field. This design symbolizes Portugal's strong agrarian tradition and its reliance on agriculture as a fundamental component of its economy. The imagery captures the essence of rural life and the vital role of agriculture during this period.
As for the minting of this coin, it likely took place at the official Portuguese mint in Lisbon, the country's capital. Skilled engravers and craftsmen would have been responsible for creating the coin dies and overseeing the striking process to ensure the highest quality production.
Regarding mintage figures, coins of this type were typically minted in substantial quantities to meet the demands of everyday commerce. These coins played a vital role in facilitating transactions for goods and services, both domestically and in international trade.
The Portugal 10 Centavos 1938 KM#573 has a weight of approximately 4 grams and a diameter of around 21 millimeters. Its composition typically includes materials like bronze or similar alloys, chosen for their durability and resistance to wear. This composition ensured that the coin could withstand the rigors of circulation, making it a practical choice for daily transactions.
When it comes to its condition, collectors often rely on a grading system that ranges from Poor (P) to Mint State (MS). The Portugal 10 Centavos 1938 coin is typically found in AU (About Uncirculated) condition. AU coins exhibit minimal wear, with well-preserved details and an overall sharp appearance, indicating limited circulation and careful handling.
It is essential to recognize that the Estado Novo regime during this era had a significant impact on Portugal's political and social landscape. While it aimed to achieve economic stability and national unity, it was also marked by censorship, limited political freedoms, and strict government control. This historical context provides important insights into the period in which this coin was minted.
In conclusion, the Portugal 10 Centavos 1938 KM#573 is a fascinating numismatic artifact that offers valuable historical and cultural insights. Its design reflects Portugal's Estado Novo era, strong agricultural tradition, and adoption of decimal currency. Minted in Lisbon, widely circulated, composed of durable materials, and often found in AU condition, this coin serves as a tangible link to a period of political transformation and economic stability in Portugal's history.