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- Product ID: 23591
The U.S. Shield Nickel of 1882 represents one of the final issues of the first nickel five-cent piece ever minted by the United States. Introduced in 1866 following the Civil War, the Shield Nickel was created during a period of monetary reform and transition, as the U.S. Treasury moved away from silver coinage in favor of more durable and accessible base-metal coins. Designed by James B. Longacre, then Chief Engraver of the U.S. Mint, the Shield Nickel was the first five-cent coin struck in copper-nickel alloy and laid the foundation for the long-running “nickel” series. The 1882 issue, minted exclusively at the Philadelphia Mint, is the penultimate year of the series and holds a special place in the coin’s history due to its relatively low mintage and the maturing of the design by that point in the series’ evolution.
The obverse of the 1882 Shield Nickel features a heraldic shield at the center, symbolizing national unity and strength. The shield is vertically striped and flanked by olive branches on either side, signifying peace. Above the shield sits a cross-like shape with ornamental details, while rays and intricate foliage fill the surrounding space. The inscription “IN GOD WE TRUST” arcs above the central motif, while the date “1882” is placed clearly beneath the shield. The design is densely packed with symbolism and intricate details, intended to reflect stability during the post-Civil War era. On a Fine (F) condition example, the main elements remain bold, though much of the finer detailing—especially within the cross, leaves, and shield lines—will be moderately worn and partially blended into the fields.
The reverse design showcases a large numeral “5” at center, surrounded by thirteen stars representing the original states of the Union. Encircling the outer rim are the words “UNITED STATES OF AMERICA” and the denomination “CENTS.” Unlike the earlier Shield Nickels produced from 1866 through mid-1867, which featured rays between the stars, the 1882 version omits them, a change that reduced die breakage during striking. The overall simplicity of the reverse provides strong contrast to the ornate obverse and allowed for more efficient minting. In Fine condition, the “5” remains sharp and distinct, with most of the stars well visible, though some may show wear. The inscriptions around the rim are legible but likely softened from circulation.
All 1882 Shield Nickels were struck at the Philadelphia Mint, which was the only facility to produce this denomination during its entire run from 1866 to 1883. No mintmark appears on these coins, as was customary for Philadelphia issues at the time. The total mintage for 1882 was approximately 11,472,900 coins, a figure significantly higher than the rare 1880 issue, yet modest compared to some earlier years. This makes the 1882 date accessible for collectors yet still desirable due to its place near the end of the series and the generally lower survivability of coins in collectible grades.
The Shield Nickel was composed of 75% copper and 25% nickel, giving the coin a pale silver-grey appearance and a weight of 5 grams. It measures 20.5 mm in diameter with a plain edge. While the alloy was chosen for durability and cost efficiency, it posed challenges during minting, especially with the complex obverse design. The hardness of the metal made striking fully detailed coins difficult, often resulting in weak impressions and die clashes. Consequently, even in higher grades, finding a sharply struck Shield Nickel can be a challenge. In lower circulated grades such as Fine, wear typically obscures the more vulnerable elements of the design, such as the decorative scrollwork, inner stripes of the shield, and leaf tips.
In terms of condition, a Shield Nickel graded as Fine reflects moderate circulation with considerable even wear over the high points of the design. On the obverse, the central shield and date remain bold and distinct, but the cross and ornamental areas show smoothness and fading. The leaves may appear merged or indistinct. On the reverse, the numeral “5” should be complete, with all stars and letters visible, although not sharply defined. Coins in Fine condition are typically free from serious damage, corrosion, or heavy marks, though light contact marks or rim wear are to be expected. Overall, a Fine 1882 Shield Nickel retains its full identity and historic presence while showing honest wear from use in commerce.
Because of its availability and moderate price point, the 1882 Shield Nickel is a popular entry for collectors looking to complete a date set or explore 19th-century U.S. coinage. The coin appeals to both type collectors and series specialists who appreciate the historical significance and artistry of early U.S. nickel issues. The 1882 date is especially attractive because it is easier to locate than its scarcer neighbors like the 1880 and 1879, but still offers vintage charm and numismatic value. As the penultimate year of the series, it also represents the maturity of the design and the culmination of nearly two decades of Shield Nickel production.
Market values for the 1882 Shield Nickel in Fine condition are quite stable and affordable, typically ranging from $25 to $45 depending on eye appeal, strike strength, and surface quality. Coins with particularly smooth wear, pleasing toning, or problem-free surfaces may fetch prices toward the higher end of that range. Conversely, examples with dark spotting, corrosion, or rim issues may trade for less. While higher-grade specimens in Extra Fine, AU, or Mint State can command significantly more, the Fine grade remains popular among collectors for its balance of affordability and preserved detail.
The historical context of the Shield Nickel also contributes to its significance. Introduced shortly after the Civil War and in the same year the phrase “IN GOD WE TRUST” was first used on circulating U.S. coins, the Shield Nickel symbolizes a period of national rebuilding, innovation, and monetary experimentation. It marked the first use of nickel as a major coinage metal and served as a practical response to the scarcity of silver coins. The enduring symbolism of the shield and olive branches reflects both the hardships and hopes of the Reconstruction era, making each surviving example a tangible artifact of American resilience and reinvention.
In conclusion, the 1882 U.S. Shield Nickel in Fine condition is a historically rich and visually compelling coin that embodies the origins of modern U.S. base-metal coinage. As one of the last years of the series, it is collectible both as a type coin and as part of a complete date run. While modest in grade, a Fine example preserves the essential design and character of Longacre’s creation, offering collectors a window into the economic and artistic priorities of post-Civil War America. With its enduring symbolism, copper-nickel composition, and accessible price point, the 1882 Shield Nickel continues to be a rewarding acquisition for collectors of classic American coinage.