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The Belgium 10 Centimes 1895 KM#43 is a remarkable coin that reflects the economic and political changes in Belgium during the late 19th century. Issued during the reign of King Leopold II, this coin was an integral part of Belgium’s currency system and was widely circulated throughout the country. The 10 centimes denomination played an essential role in everyday transactions, making it one of the most commonly used coins in the country’s economy. As Belgium was experiencing industrial growth and urbanization, the need for durable and efficient coinage became increasingly important, and the 1895 10 centimes coin was part of that evolution.
King Leopold II ruled Belgium from 1865 to 1909, overseeing a period of economic expansion and colonial ambition. While he is often remembered for his controversial rule over the Congo Free State, his reign also marked significant industrialization and modernization within Belgium. The country’s infrastructure, transportation systems, and manufacturing industries expanded, leading to increased economic activity. Coinage like the 10 centimes became an essential tool for commerce, facilitating trade and daily transactions among the working and middle classes. The introduction of a holed design in Belgian coinage, as seen on the 1895 10 centimes, was a practical innovation that made the coin easy to handle and distinguish from other denominations.
The obverse of the Belgium 10 Centimes 1895 features a left-facing portrait of King Leopold II, who is depicted with his characteristic full beard. The design captures his distinguished and authoritative appearance, reflecting the strength and stability of his reign. Surrounding the portrait is the inscription “LEOPOLD II ROI DES BELGES,” which translates to “Leopold II, King of the Belgians.” This inscription not only identifies the ruler but also reinforces Belgium’s national identity. The design of the obverse is clean and regal, emphasizing the monarchy’s role in guiding Belgium through a period of economic transformation.
The reverse of the coin features a simple yet effective design with a large circular hole in the center, a distinctive feature of Belgian 10 centimes coins from this era. Above the hole, the national motto “L’UNION FAIT LA FORCE” is prominently displayed, meaning “Unity Makes Strength.” This phrase has been a fundamental part of Belgium’s national identity, symbolizing the strength of the country’s unity despite linguistic and regional differences. Below the hole, the denomination “10 CENTIMES” is inscribed, clearly indicating the coin’s value. The date “1895” is positioned at the bottom, providing a clear reference to its year of mintage. The use of a central hole made the coin lighter and easier to distinguish by touch, a practical feature for commerce.
The Belgium 10 Centimes 1895 was minted at the Brussels Mint, the primary minting facility for Belgian coinage. The Brussels Mint was responsible for producing high-quality coinage that met the country’s growing economic needs. The 10 centimes coin was struck in copper-nickel, a durable and corrosion-resistant alloy that provided longevity in circulation. This metal composition ensured that the coin could withstand heavy use without significant degradation. Copper-nickel was also chosen for its affordability, allowing the government to produce large quantities of coins to meet public demand.
The total mintage of the 1895 Belgium 10 Centimes is not precisely documented, but it was produced in significant quantities to support the growing Belgian economy. Given the extensive use of this denomination in daily transactions, many examples became worn over time, making well-preserved specimens relatively scarce today. The holed design also meant that coins were often subject to additional wear around the edges of the hole, further affecting their long-term condition. Collectors value high-grade specimens because they provide a clearer view of the intricate design details that may have been lost due to circulation.
A Certified Belgium 10 Centimes 1895 graded XF (Extremely Fine) by NGC retains much of its original detail while exhibiting moderate, even wear. XF-grade coins are well-preserved examples that have seen circulation but still maintain a high level of design clarity. The surfaces of the coin may have minor signs of handling, but there are no major blemishes or damage that significantly affect the overall appearance. Coins in this grade are highly desirable among collectors who seek historical pieces that balance wear with well-preserved design elements.
The obverse of an XF specimen should display King Leopold II’s portrait with most of its original detail intact. His facial features, beard, and hair should be clearly visible, with only minor smoothing on the highest points. The surrounding inscription, “LEOPOLD II ROI DES BELGES,” should remain fully legible, with only slight signs of wear on the lettering. The coin’s fields should be free from major scratches or marks, and while some contact marks may be present, they should not detract significantly from the coin’s overall aesthetic appeal. The coin’s natural patina, resulting from age and oxidation, can enhance its appearance by adding character to the surfaces.
The reverse of an XF specimen should feature a well-preserved design with a clear and readable national motto, “L’UNION FAIT LA FORCE.” The central hole should be well-defined, with minimal wear around its edges. The denomination “10 CENTIMES” should remain bold and prominent, with no significant fading. The date “1895” should also be fully legible, with sharp numerals that stand out against the coin’s surface. While minor signs of wear may be visible, particularly around the central hole and high points of the lettering, the overall design should remain crisp and well-articulated.
One of the key characteristics of an XF specimen is its excellent balance between historical wear and remaining detail. While the coin has seen circulation, it still retains much of its original engraving, allowing collectors to appreciate the craftsmanship and historical significance of the piece. Coins in XF condition are highly collectible because they provide a strong representation of the original design without the higher cost associated with uncirculated examples. The even wear pattern indicates that the coin was well-struck and has been carefully handled over the years, adding to its historical authenticity.
The Belgium 10 Centimes 1895 is an important numismatic artifact from the late 19th century. It represents Belgium’s industrial and economic progress under King Leopold II while also reflecting the country’s evolving approach to coinage design. The introduction of a holed center was a practical innovation that made the coin more user-friendly and recognizable. Collectors appreciate this coin not only for its historical significance but also for its well-executed design and durable composition.
For collectors seeking to acquire a Belgium 10 Centimes 1895 in XF condition, reputable numismatic dealers, online auctions, and coin shows provide the best opportunities. It is essential to verify authenticity and grading, as well as to look for coins with strong remaining details and minimal damage. Given the moderate scarcity of well-preserved examples, finding an XF specimen with clear inscriptions and design elements is a rewarding pursuit for those passionate about European numismatics.
The Certified Belgium 10 Centimes 1895 KM#43 XF stands as a tribute to Belgium’s economic development and numismatic craftsmanship during the late 19th century. With its historical importance, distinctive design, and enduring presence in Belgian currency, this coin remains a valuable and fascinating addition to any collection. Whether admired for its numismatic value, its connection to King Leopold II, or its role in everyday commerce, the Belgium 10 Centimes 1895 continues to captivate collectors and historians alike.